Chemistry in Everydaylife free essay sample

Chemistry is a big part of your everyday life. You find chemistry in daily life in the foods you eat, the air you breathe, your soap, your emotions and literally every object you can see or touch. Heres a look at some everyday chemistry. Elements in the Human Body Steve Allen, Getty Images Your body is made up of chemical compounds, which are combinations of elements. While you probably know your body is mostly water, which is hydrogen and oxygen, can you name the other elements that make Chapter 1Introduction to Chemistry : Chapter 1Introduction to Chemistry Milbank High School Section 1. 1Chemistry : Section 1. 1Chemistry OBJECTIVES: Define chemistry and differentiate among its traditional divisions. Section 1. 1Chemistry : Section 1. 1Chemistry OBJECTIVES: List several reasons to study chemistry. What is Chemistry? : What is Chemistry? The study of â€Å"matter†, its composition, properties, and the changes it undergoes. Everyday life? Applied Chemistry- is using chemistry to attain certain goals, in fields like medicine, agriculture, and manufacturing Pure chemistry- gathers knowledge for the sake of knowledge 5 Major Areas of Chemistry : 5 Major Areas of Chemistry Analytical Chemistry- concerned with the composition of substances. Inorganic Chemistry- primarily deals with substances without carbon Organic Chemistry- essentially all substances containing carbon Biochemistry- Chemistry of living things Physical Chemistry- describes the behavior of chemicals (ex. tretching) Chemistry is : Chemistry is central to modern science, and to almost all human endeavors. important to all sciences biology, geology, physics, engineers, etc. a natural science. a language with its own vocabulary. a way of thinking. Why Study Chemistry? : Why Study Chemistry? everyone and everything around us involves chemistry What in the world isn’t Chemistry? helps you make choices possible career for your future used to attain a specific goal Do you remember â€Å"pure† and â€Å"applied† chemistry? Section 1. Chemistry Far and Wide : Section 1. 2Chemistry Far and Wide OBJECTIVES: Summarize ways in which chemistry affects your daily life. Section 1. 2Chemistry Far and Wide : Section 1. 2Chemistry Far and Wide OBJECTI VES: Describe the impact of chemistry on various fields of science. Chemistry Far and Wide : Chemistry Far and Wide Materials- perfume, steel, ceramics, plastics, rubber, paints, nonstick cooking utensils, polyester fibers Energy- greater demands conserve it, or produce more fossil fuels, solar, batteries, nuclear (don’t forget pollution! Chemistry Far and Wide : Chemistry Far and Wide Medicine and Biotechnology- vitamin C, penicillin, aspirin materials for artery transplants and hipbones Human Genome Project bacteria producing insulin cloning Chemistry Far and Wide : Chemistry Far and Wide Agriculture- world’s food supply plant growth hormones ways to protect crops disease resistant plants The Environment- both risks and benefits involved in discoveries carbon dioxide, ozone, warming Chemistry Far and Wide : Chemistry Far and Wide Astronomy and Space Exploration- composition of the planets analyze moon rocks planet atmospheres life on other planets? It is well-known that the effect of coffee on mood is related to its content in caffeine. But why caffeine has such a strong effect on us? Caffeine operates using the same mechanisms of amphetamines, cocaine, and heroin to stimulate the brain, though with milder effects. It manipulates the same channels as the other drugs, and that is one of the things that gives caffeine its addictive qualities. There is a chemical in our brain called adenosine, that binds to certain receptors and slows down nerve cell activity when we are sleeping. To a nerve cell, caffeine looks like adenosine and it binds to the adenosine receptors. However, as its not really adenosine, it doesnt slow down the cells activity like adenosine would. So the cell cannot see adenosine anymore because caffeine has taken up all the receptors adenosine binds to. Then instead of slowing down because of the adenosine level, the cells speed up. The pituitary gland sees all of this activity and thinks some sort of emergency must be occurring, so it releases hormones that tell the adrenal glands to produce adrenaline. Adrenaline is the fight hormone, and it makes your heart to beat faster, the breathing tubes to open up, the liver to release sugar into the bloodstream for extra energy and your muscles to tighten up, ready for action. Because of this, after consuming a big cup of coffee your muscles tense up, you feel excited and you can feel your heart beat increasing. Moreover, as amphetamines, caffeine also increases the levels of dopamine, which is associated with the pleasure system of the brain, providing feelings of enjoyment and reinforcement. Throughout the centuries, there have been many benefits brought by chemistry to our daily living. Two significant contributions made by chemistry towards our lifestyle is the protection of our health and hygiene. The purification our water by process of chlorination, dental cleanliness from toothpaste, sterilisation, the control and the cure of disease are all a part of daily living discovered and created by chemistry. These discoveries make up a major component for the protection of our health and hygiene and are vital for the future existence of mankind. The ideal water for humans is hard water. Hard water is healthy as it consists of calcium, Ca2+, and magnesium, Mg2+, ions. Ca2+ are needed in the formation of bones and are important in the clotting of the blood and regulating the heart beat. Mg2+ are needed for making protein and for passing impulses along nerve cells. The chlorination of water for drinking makes the water safe because it rids it from the diseases which can be transmitted through it. However, ideal water isn’t necessarily pure water. Pure water is expensive to produce, is tasteless and lacks in magnesium ions. Magnesium ions reduce the incidence of the hardening of arteries and therefore is used in the protection against heart disease. The gas chlorine, Cl2, is most useful to purify water. Chlorine kills viruses and bacteria because it reacts with water to produce hypochlorous acid. Cl2 + H2O HCL + HCLO hypochlorous acid One aim of chemistry is to maintain dental cleanliness. Bacterial infection of the tooth structure is called dental caries. The bacteria convert the sugar in our diet, particularly sucrose, C12H22O11, to a glue to stick themselves to the tooth surface. Acids such as acetic,